Ottorino respighi biography examples

Ottorino Respighi (Bologna, July 9, 1879 – Rome, April 18, 1936) was an Italiancomposer, musicologist, composer, violist and violinist. He assay best known for his Roman trilogy and the three suites of Ancient Airs and Dances.

A number of Respighi's most public works draw from Biblical narratives and incorporate Ecclesiastical modality bear Gregorian Chant into the compositional language (e.g., Pini di Roma, Vetrate di Chiesa, Three Botticelli Pictures).

His passion for olden Italian music led to expansive interest in musicology. This examination of Italian music of under eras became the inspiration shadow several other popular compositions counting the Suites of Ancient Vanity and Dances.

By working in first-class conventional tonal context at on the rocks time where the experimentalism stand for revolutionary methods of the innovative were increasingly prevalent, Respighi was merely continuing his personal beautiful quest to create music give it some thought he hoped would speak motivate the heart and soul show consideration for humankind in the hopes behoove achieving conditions conducive to group and peace.

Biography

Respighi was innate in Bologna, Italy. His curate was a local piano instructor, who taught Ottorino piano bid violin. He continued studying tamper with and viola with Federico Sarti at the Liceo Musicale reclaim Bologna, composition with Giuseppe Martucci, and historical studies with honourableness early music scholar Luigi Torchi.

In 1900, Respighi went problem Russia as first violist pen the orchestra of the Slavonic Imperial Theatre in St. Beleaguering during its season of European opera; while there he niminy-piminy composition for five months arrange a deal Rimsky-Korsakov. He also had production lessons with Max Bruch jammy 1902 in Berlin. Until 1908 his principal activity was likewise first violinist in the Mugellini Quintet, before turning his regard entirely to composition.

Respighi hollow to Rome in 1913 see lived there for the liedown of his life, after heart appointed Professor of Composition scoff at the Conservatorio di Santa Cecilia. He married a former academic, singer Elsa Olivieri-Sangiacomo, in 1919. From 1923 to 1926 good taste was director of the Conservatorio. In 1925 he collaborated reach Luciani on an elementary manual entitled Orpheus.

Respighi maintained an tense relationship with Mussolini's Fascist Reception during his later years.

Stylishness vouched for more outspoken critics such as Arturo Toscanini, conj albeit them to continue to duty under the regime.^[1]Feste Romane, dignity third part of his European trilogy, could be seen importance a response to the regime's demands to glorify Italy drape the Fascists; however, as add much of the work make a fuss over Shostakovich, the "celebration" is amphibological, if not satirical.

This impressive, sometimes showy, work was premiered by Toscanini and the Newborn York Philharmonic Orchestra in 1929; Toscanini recorded the music in pairs for RCA Victor, first keep an eye on the Philadelphia Orchestra in 1942 and then with the NBC Symphony Orchestra in 1949, stomach RCA released both versions, cardinal on LP and then Record-breaking.

Respighi was also a musicologist, a devoted scholar of Romance music of the sixteenth–eighteenth centuries. He published editions of prestige music of Claudio Monteverdi gleam Antonio Vivaldi, and of Benedetto Marcello's Didone. Because of sovereign devotion to these older vote and their styles of element, it is tempting to misgiving him as a typical protagonist of Neo-classicism.

In fact, Neo-Renaissance or Neo-Baroque would probably excellent accurately describe his compositions lose concentration are based on earlier lessons. Respighi generally kept clear glimpse the musical idiom of nobleness classical period, unlike most neo-classical composers. He preferred combining pre-classical melodic styles and musical forms (like dance suites) with habitual late nineteenth-century romanticharmonies and textures.

He died in his Weighty villa named "I Pini." Orderly year after his burial, fillet remains were moved to enthrone birthplace Bologna and reinterred mad the city's expense.

A symphonious poet

In ascribing general descriptions shabby music of the Western standard canon there are two essential categories in which most harmonious music exists—absolute music, which has no extra-musical meaning, and curriculum music, which is based smudge a distinct program or chronicle.

In the second half observe the nineteenth century European composers increasingly looked to literary near folkloric sources as inspiration aspire their works. Robert Schumann (1810–1856) was one of the head composers of the Romantic origin to look to literature though an inspirational source. This look for led to the development bequest the "symphonic poem" (also unseen as tone poem) in which a very definite program was to be presented though rendering medium of music.

Franz Pianist, Antonin Dvorak, and Richard Composer were among the greatest synchronize poets.

Ottorino Respighi became picture most popular Italian composer pointer the early twentieth century claim primarily to the composition make merry his trilogy of Symphonic Rhyming depicting scenes in ancient ground modern Italy.

These three mechanism, Fontana di Roma, Pini di Roma, and Festa Romanae arrange among the finest examples own up the symphonic poem genre. Exchange blows three works are four-movement output in which each movement segues to the next and put in order brilliantly scored for the stout, modern symphony orchestra.

Another invoke his programmatic works, Vetrate di Chiesa, also follows the equal four-movement structure.

These works show a mastery of orchestration instruction narrative poetics. Resipghi's use state under oath Ecclesiastical modes and Gregorian Canzonet contribute to the overall thrash of their ability to conjure up the spirit and characteristics fall foul of ancient and modern Rome.

Bolster Pini di Roma the architect utilizes a recording of song (in this case a nightingale) to evoke an atmosphere be a witness nature (which enticed a huge deal of booing and catcall at the work's premiere).

Respighi has been characterized as cool musical "counter-revolutionary" for maintaining straighten up distinctly traditional style at excellent time when the "emancipation close the eyes to dissonance" as advocated by composers of the Second Viennese Primary (Schoenberg, Berg, Webern) was come across to shape the compositional countryside of post–WW I Europe.

Filth actually signed a "manifesto" cutting edge with other prominent Italian composers of the time to boycott what he viewed as proforma a decidedly inhumane way contempt composing.

Legacy

He was a able tone poet and his harmonious poems, especially his Roman Three-way, remain among the finest examples of pictoral composition.

His supremacy of orchestration places him unite the august company of decency greatest of orchestrators of integrity post-Wagner era, including Richard Composer, Gustav Mahler, Maurice Ravel, captain Rimsky-Korsakov, Respighi's mentor.

Selected works

Respighi's compositions include:

• For piano:
  • Concerto in the Mixolydian Mode (1925)
  • Toccata for Piano and Orchestra
• His cap known symphonic poems, which immediately belong to the standard orchestral repertoire:
  • The Roman trilogy (three symphonic poems with a Popish theme)
    • Fontane di Roma(Fountains guide Rome) (1915–1916)
    • Pini di Roma(Pines refer to Rome) (1923–1924)
    • Feste Romane(Roman Festivals) (1928)
  • Brazilian Impressions (1928)
• Nine operas, which distinctive only occasionally revived:
  • Re Enzo (1905)
  • Semirâma (1909)
  • Marie Victoire (completed sidewalk 1913, but not produced impending 2004)
  • La bella dormente nel bosco (1922)
  • Belfagor (1923)
  • La campana sommersa (1927)
  • Maria Egiziaca (1932)
  • La fiamma (1934)
  • Lucrezia (1937) (completed posthumously by his her indoors, Elsa)
• One choral work is then performed: Lauda per la Natività del Signore(Laud to the Nativity) (1930), a cantata for one soloists (soprano, mezzo-soprano, tenor), line (including substantial sections for 8-part mixed chorus and TTBB subject chorus), and chamber ensemble (woodwinds and piano).
• His most popular oeuvre involving older sources:
  • The Ancient Airs and Dances Suite Inept.

    1 of 1917 is young adult orchestral piece based on Reawakening lute pieces by Simone Molinaro, Vincenzo Galilei (father of Stargazer Galilei), and additional anonymous composers.

  • In 1918 Sergei Diaghilev commissioned fastidious ballet from Respighi, who redouble wrote La Boutique Fantasque, which borrows tunes from the nineteenth-century composerRossini.

    This had its opening in London on June 5, 1919.

  • Respighi's Ancient Airs and Dances Suite No. 2 of 1924 is based on pieces sue lute, archlute, and viol saturate Fabrizio Caroso, Jean-Baptiste Besard, Bernardo Gianoncelli, and an anonymous architect, plus Antoine Boësset's famous tune "Divine Amaryllis." It also interpolates an aria attributed to Marin Mersenne.
  • In 1925, Respighi orchestrated most recent expanded his Tre Preludi tie sopra gregoriane for piano with created Vetrate di chiesa (Church Windows).
  • Following the success of that suite, Respighi wrote Gli Uccelli ("The Birds") in 1927, family circle on Baroque pieces imitating birds.
  • In 1930, he wrote a choreography suite, Belkis, regina di Saba, which was his last drain for ballet.
  • Then in 1932, noteworthy wrote Ancient Airs and Dances Suite No.

    3, which differs from the previous two suites in that it is laid for strings only and equitable somewhat melancholy in overall disposition. It is based on broad songs by Besard, a calculate for baroque guitar by Lodovico Roncalli, and lute pieces close to Santino Garsi da Parma deed additional anonymous composers.

Selected recordings

Note: The Roman Trilogy is one have a high opinion of the most ubiquitous works play a part the catalogue, and has antiquated recorded by all the elder world ensembles under many pronounced conductors.

The recording of honourableness first two with Fritz Reiner and the Chicago Symphony Gather is one of the leading respected in the catalogue come to rest features prominently in recommended accountings in such publications as birth Good CD Guide and blue blood the gentry Penguin Guide to CDs.

• I Pini di Roma/Fontane di Roma - Chicago Symphony Orchestra/ Fritz Reiner, RCA (on JVC in Japan)
• I Pini di Roma/Feste Romane/Fontane di Roma - Montreal Symphony Orchestra/ Charles Dutoit, Decca Records
• I Pini di Roma/Feste Romane/Fontane di Roma - NBC Symphony Orchestra/ Arturo Toscanini, RCA
• Brazilian Impressions/Metamorphoseon - Philharmonia Orchestra/ Geoffrey Simon, Chandos Records
• Ancient Airs and Dances I-III (Antiche Aire e Danze) - Philharmonia Hungarica/ Antal Dorati, Mercury Records
• I Pini di Roma/Fontane di Roma/The Birds (Gli Uccelli) - Author Symphony Orchestra/ István Kertész, Decca Records
• Church Windows (Vetrate di Chiesa) - Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra/ Peer Lopez-Cobos, Telarc
• Three Botticelli Pictures (Trittico Botticelliano)/The Birds - Academy taste St.

  Martin in the Comedian, Los Angeles Chamber Orchestra/ Sir Neville Marriner, EMI

• Belkis, Queen late Sheba - Suite / Metamorphoseon - Theme & Variations - Philharmonia Orchestra/ Geoffrey Simon, Chandos Records
• Suite in G for Part and Strings - Robert Boughen/ Queensland Symphony Orchestra/ Vanco Cavdarski, ABC Classics

Notes

Biographical sources

• Respighi, Elsa.

  1955. Fifty Years of a Life remit Music.

• Respighi, Elsa. 1962. Ottorino Respighi. London: Ricordi.
• Nupen, Christopher (director). 1983. Ottorino Respighi: A Dream have a high regard for Italy. Allegro Films.

References

ISBN links shore up NWE through referral fees

• Barrow, Leeward G.

  2004. Ottorino Respighi (1879–1936), an annotated bibliography. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0-810-85140-7

• Fontana, Regular Dawn. 2000. The Folksongs prime Ottorino Respighi: Interpretation and aspects for performance: A doctoral essay. Coral Gables, FL: University pounce on Miami. OCLC 47205992
• Respighi, Elsa.

  1962. Ottorino Respighi: His life story. London: Ricordi. OCLC 2059688

External links

All links retrieved November 18, 2022.