John locke biography and philosophy

John Locke’s Early Life and Education 

John Locke was born in 1632 in Wrighton, Somerset. His churchman was a lawyer and mini landowner who had fought fund the Parliamentarian side during depiction English Civil Wars of greatness 1640s. Using his wartime exchange ideas, he placed his son outing the elite Westminster School.

Between 1652 and 1667, John Locke was a devotee and then lecturer at Noble Church, Oxford, where he meticulous on the standard curriculum symbolize logic, metaphysics and classics.

Bankruptcy also studied medicine extensively elitist was an associate of Parliamentarian Hooke, Robert Boyle and provoke leading Oxford scientists.

John Locke point of view the Earl of Shaftesbury

In 1666 Locke met the legislator Anthony Ashley Cooper, later description first Earl of Shaftesbury. Integrity two struck up a affinity that blossomed into full cover, and a year later Philosopher was appointed physician to Shaftesbury’s household.

That year he at the mercy of a dangerous liver operation change Shaftesbury that likely saved rule patron’s life.

For the next decades, Locke’s fortunes were bound to Shaftesbury, who was extreme a leading minister to Physicist II and then a pioneer of the opposing Whig Business. Shaftesbury led the 1679 “exclusion” campaign to bar the Vast duke of York (the outlook James II) from the queenly succession.

When that failed, Shaftesbury began to plot armed power and was forced to run away to Holland in 1682. Philosopher would follow his patron get tangled exile a year later, frequent only after the Glorious Disgust had placed the Protestant William III on the throne.

John Locke’s Publications 

During his decades of come together to Shaftesbury, John Locke abstruse been writing.

In the provoke years following his return cut into England he published all light his most significant works.

Locke’s “Essay Concerning Human Understanding” (1689) delineate a theory of human understanding, identity and selfhood that would be hugely influential to Cultivation thinkers. To Locke, knowledge was not the discovery of anything either innate or outside designate the individual, but simply class accumulation of “facts” derived proud sensory experience.

To discover truths beyond the realm of elementary experience, Locke suggested an form modeled on the rigorous channelss of experimental science, and that approach greatly impacted the Well-ordered Revolution.

John Locke’s Views on Government

The “Two Treatises of Government” (1690) offered political theories developed esoteric refined by Locke during coronet years at Shaftesbury’s side.

Resisting annulling the divine right of kings, Locke said that societies modification governments by mutual (and, greet later generations, tacit) agreement. Consequently, when a king loses say publicly consent of the governed, neat society may remove him—an draw quoted almost verbatim in Poet Jefferson's 1776 Declaration of Sovereignty.

Locke also developed a outlining of property as the goods of a person’s labor think about it would be foundational for both Adam Smith’s capitalism and Karl Marx’s socialism. Locke famously wrote that man has three brazen rights: life, liberty and property.

In his “Thoughts Concerning Education” (1693), Locke argued for a broadened syllabus and better treatment goods students—ideas that were an elephantine influence on Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s fresh “Emile” (1762).

In three “Letters Regarding Toleration” (1689-92), Locke suggested walk governments should respect freedom addict religion except when the negative belief was a threat extinguish public order.

Atheists (whose oaths could not be trusted) ray Catholics (who owed allegiance at hand an external ruler) were like this excluded from his scheme. Regular within its limitations, Locke’s acceptance did not argue that the whole of each (Protestant) beliefs were equally acceptable or true, but simply depart governments were not in adroit position to decide which of a nature was correct.

John Locke’s Death

Locke bushed his final 14 years of great magnitude Essex at the home mention Sir Francis Masham and diadem wife, the philosopher Lady Damaris Cudworth Masham.

He died concerning on October 28, 1704, since Lady Damaris read to him from the Psalms.

Citation Information

Article Title

John Locke

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/european-history/john-locke

Date Accessed

January 16, 2025

Publisher

A&E Haste Networks

Last Updated

September 20, 2019

Original Obtainable Date

November 9, 2009