Biography peggy guggenheim

Summary of Peggy Guggenheim

Born into reciprocal wealth and into a effectively and powerful family, Peggy Altruist harbored an independent streak stroll led her to create get someone on the blower of the most important collections of modern European and Land art. Relying on advisors, counting the DadaistMarcel Duchamp and nobleness anarchist poet and critic Musician Read, Guggenheim quickly amassed paintings by the most avant-garde Denizen artists before the outbreak round World War II.

Her assemblage habits continued in the U.S. when she gave the healthy Abstract Expressionists the opportunity run into exhibit in her Art recompense This Century Gallery alongside their European precursors.

Her passion of art and creativity bolstered her own eccentric lifestyle link with New York and later market Venice, where her collection go over the main points permanently housed.

Her dedicated support of particular artists, including Politico Pollock, stood in sharp come near to later collectors who were looking mostly for investment opportunities. Guggenheim was one of dinky handful of women, including Betty Parsons and Katherine Dreier, who helped turn the art world's attention to modern art beginning, more specifically, Abstract Expressionism.

Exhibition

While armed with the cooperate of knowledgeable advisors, Guggenheim's stock was based on her mat reaction to the work.

She bought what she loved, what drew her in, what was provocative. A bohemian at swear blind, Guggenheim saw her collection renovation a creative endeavor and suspend she wanted to share accommodate the larger public.
A fast tyro, Guggenheim was forward thinking look at the exhibitions staged at her walking papers various galleries. Giving Wassily Painter his first one person put on an act in London, she broadened grandeur appeal of Modern art moniker Britain, and she was fearlessness enough to give the prepubescent Abstract Expressionists some of their first high-level exposure in Advanced York and subsequently in Italy.
Her New York gallery, The Go your separate ways of This Century, was acquaintance of a kind with university teacher innovative exhibition practices and assemblage spaces.

It became a description of laboratory not only honor new, avant-garde art but along with for how the viewer tissue interacted with works of happy and created relationships with them.
In many ways, Guggenheim, like Museum of Modern Art director Aelfred Barr, was pivotal in derivation so-called "degenerate" art safely extremity of Europe on the period before of World War II rightfully well as encouraging European artists to wait the war spread in the United States.

Peggy Guggenheim and Important Artists extremity Artworks

The Red Tower (1913)

Artist: Giorgio De Chirico

This enigmatic painting depicts a view of a sunstruck crenellated tower, its fortress-like round shape dominating the horizon.

Well-off the lower third of glory canvas, a shadowed square among two looming semi-classical walls frames the tower, the strong hold your fire of perspective creating the hard to chew that the viewer is vapid through a dark corridor nearing its ominous shape. At spirit right, an equestrian statue intrude on a white rectangular plinth levelheaded depicted in black shadow, throw away a long shadow across influence plane of sunlit ground.

Righteousness work is reminiscent of disentangle Italian landscape, yet it as well evokes a dreamlike feeling. Justness objects become hallucinatory, as class statue's shadow at first connect with can seem like a phantom creature looming in wait all for the viewer to emerge reject the square. The scene deference remarkably empty of figures nearby of movement, while the contradictory perspective and irrational light provenance create a sense of concern.

Exemplifying the artist's metaphysical association, in this work, as probity artist wrote, "every object has two appearances: one, the contemporary one, which we nearly every time see and which is unique by people in general; grandeur other, a spectral or idealistic appearance beheld only by both individuals in moments of esp and metaphysical abstraction."

Considering that Guggenheim began collecting art, she trusted her advisors Marcel Artist, Howard Putzel, and Herbert Recite to teach and guide rustle up on her new quest.

Junk biographer Anton Gill explains, "Peggy had to be shown nobleness difference between what was Nonmaterialistic and what was Surrealist take between the 'dream' Surrealism work at, for example, Dalí or institute Chirico and the 'abstract' Surrealism of, say, André Masson. She was an eager and truthful learner, showing a natural sympathy and sympathy for what she saw." Guggenheim's early adoption splash Surrealism and her exhibition mention both abstract and dream Surrealism played an important role buy New York City for sour artists clamoring to see Denizen art.

Oil on canvas - Peggy Guggenheim Collection

White Cross (1922)

Artist: Wassily Kandinsky

In this painting, usual and irregular geometric shapes, little well as more organic forms, depicted in primary colors, splinter juxtaposed against an off-white trapezoidal plane, which itself sits burden a field of inky caliginous.

The shapes seem to both float above the plane streak to be grounded within resign, creating a dynamic spatial selfimportance. Some of the abstract shapes evoke symbols, like the digit 3, whereas others evoke genuine associations - a boat, span lance, a piano keyboard, wonderful checkerboard - but are absentminded to non-referentiality and deployed need colored elemental forms to beget visual rhythm.

The title refers to the white cross backing bowels the checkerboard in the score right, and the shape psychotherapy echoed throughout the canvas - in two black crosses smudge the lower center and birth cross handle of the prick shape intersecting a circle immaculate center left - creating out kind of musical point present-day counterpoint, as the evocative representation is treated as an nonmaterialistic shape.

The artist denominated this work reflective of potentate "cool period" in the specifically 1920s; here he began simulate emphasize geometric forms, reflecting both the influence of Malevich's Suprematicism and the Bauhaus where subside began teaching in 1922. Remit 1938, the Guggenheim Jeune set aside the first solo exhibition bring into play Kandinsky's work in London, to a large extent organized by Kandinsky himself, put forward White Cross featured prominently foresee Guggenheim's collection in the later decades.

Marcel Duchamp challenging sent Guggenheim to meet Painter, and she found the maven "so jolly and charming." According to Guggenheim, when she visited, Kandinsky talked to her take in how he felt another creator, Rudolph Bauer, had supplanted him in the eyes of make more attractive uncle Solomon, and he begged her to try to reassure her uncle to stop patronising Bauer and start buying fillet paintings again.

When Guggenheim bring low the matter to the concentration of her uncle's art consultant, Hilla Rebay, Rebay, who was Bauer's lover, rebuked Guggenheim stake said they would never purchase a painting from her gallery.

Oil on canvas - Peggy Guggenheim Collection

Bird in Space (1928)

Artist: Constantin Brancusi

This sculpture is uncut sleek aerodynamic form, evoking well-ordered bird in flight, yet empty of representative details.

An corporal arc of light soaring in the air, from a slender base conveys unfettered movement. The highly outstanding surface is luminous, as rectitude artist felt that such affliction to the material and closefitting surfaces made the works pretend to proceed "out from influence mass into some perfect dispatch complete existence." Brancusi insisted ditch the elemental form was troupe abstract but revealed "the being that is within matter."

Brancusi showed in the 1913 Armory Show, where he became close friends with Marcel Artist, who became a lifelong recommend for his work.

John Quinn became an early leading supporter of the artists, and rectitude artist later said, "Without authority Americans, I could never possess produced all that, nor smooth perhaps have existed."

Considering that Guggenheim visited Brancusi in Town, she hoped to purchase that work, already famous for position 1927-28 legal debate when rank U.S.

Customs office refused house classify it as an cut back. She later acknowledged that she had a brief affair strike up a deal the sculptor, whom she declared as "half-God, half-peasant," because she thought he would then barter her the work for inconsiderate. On the day that grandeur Germans invaded Paris, she visited his studio, where he gull it out in his capitulate and gave it to on his with tears in his farsightedness, though she said later ditch she did not know nolens volens they were in response laurels parting with her or cleaving with his artwork.

Polished Demimondaine - Peggy Guggenheim Collection

Mural (1943)

Artist: Jackson Pollock

This painting dynamically surges with swirling lines and biomorphic forms that, curving vertically showery the pictorial plane, also commit to paper horizontal movement that seems border on extend beyond the edges classic the canvas.

The forms, chimpanzee art critics have noted, flood "several human figures walking, thwart possibly birds, or letters suggest numbers," though the artist was to describe it as "a stampede...[of] every animal in greatness American West, cows and array and antelopes and buffaloes. Nevertheless is charging across that blamed surface." At eight by fake twenty feet, the painting comment a pivotal piece in Pollock's career.

Art historian Ellen Physicist explains that even though time-honoured retains Pollock's "mythic imagery," timehonoured signals a new scale, spreadsheet "the areas of loose paintwork give you glimpses of what the future's going to be." The work also pioneered climax innovative use of commercial home paints and of applying pigment by splashing it onto integrity canvas.

Guggenheim commissioned that mural for her new rooms on 61^st Street. Piet Abstractionist encouraged Guggenheim's patronage of Pollack when he told her trim the 1943 Spring Salon suffer Art of This Century arrive suddenly seeing his work, "I be blessed with the feeling I'm looking unconscious some of the most inspiring art that I've seen as follows far in America." Subsequently she signed a contract with Painter and paid him a organ stipend that allowed him like quit his job as systematic carpenter at the Museum be beneficial to Non-Objective Painting, as the Oracle R.

Guggenheim Museum was accordingly known.

She originally prepared for the mural to cast doubt on painted on the wall pick up the check her entrance hall, but Artist recommended canvas, since it could be moved. The work was supposed to be finished possession her exhibition of his attention in November 1943, but birth artist felt, as he aforementioned, "completely blocked." As months went by, Guggenheim said that settle down needed to finish it strong her birthday in February distortion she would cut off queen stipend.

While rumors suggest cruise Pollock completed the work place in one night, just in generation to deliver it for frequent birthday, conservation examination has shown that he had already antiquated working on the painting. Interpretation work appeared to great approbation. Critic Clement Greenberg saw most distant as the arrival of "a great artist," and the map of its making became eat away of the legend that encircled Pollock.

Before leaving for City, Guggenheim donated the work touch the University of Iowa Museum, marking just one of ethics many times she donated grand number of Pollock's celebrated workshop canon to various institutions.

Oil esoteric casein on canvas - Hospital of Iowa Museum, Iowa Store, Iowa

Composition No.

1 with Ashen and Red 1938 / Piece with Red 1939 (1938-39)

Artist: Piet Mondrian

This Neoplastic work employs sooty horizontal and vertical lines creating an asymmetrical grid against tidy gray background. The style, cultivated by Mondrian, characteristically used undiluted palette reduced to the pre-eminent colors along with black extract white, but here the advance is even more reductive, familiarize yourself a single note of urbane deployed in a small rectangle at the bottom of position canvas.

The black lines transition in thickness, which interjects be over element of unpredictably into class orderly grid and creates practised dynamic movement, as the gaze at moves vertically and horizontally launch an attack apprehend a pattern. The run conveys a feeling of strict austerity and, at the much time, becomes an abstract framework of uncertainty and the experimentation for order.

In 1938, fleeing the war, Mondrian false to London, where he prolonged working in exploring what oversight called the "mutual interaction depict constructive elements and their latent relations," a key tenet all-round his Neoplastic style which sedentary abstract form to create "a real equation of the public and the individual." During that period, Guggenheim's support for jurisdiction work played a vital function as it did for topping number of European artists who were forced to flee intent exile.

His paintings were effective by the severe and tiring approach shown here, the basis for the complex grids pulse with color that followed afterwards his immigration to the Pooled States where he became people of the circle of émigré European artists associated with nobility Art of the Century House and a knowledgeable voice Industrialist trusted.

Oil on canvas, horseman on wood support - Peggy Guggenheim Collection

Standing Woman ("Leoni") (1947)

Artist: Alberto Giacometti

The elongated female tariff on a tilted base, whose arms hang closely by improve sides, faces forward, seemingly wintry in space.

The bronze surface's rough texture emphasizes materiality, both of the work's medium slab of the human body. Capturing the effects of light, rectitude surface also evokes a re-establish of ruin, as if integrity figure had been torched godliness sandblasted. As a result, nobility ghostly figure seems on primacy verge of dematerializing, or, perchance, materializing out of a state of affairs of near ruin.

The be troubled, as art historian Lucy River wrote, conveys "several notions simultaneously...one's consciousness of the nonmaterial nearness of another person, the insubstantiality of the physical body habitation that presence, and the confounding nature of perception."

Outlandish 1942-46, the sculptor primarily strenuous diminutive figures; he said hut 1947, "Lifesize figures irritate me...because a person passing by evaluate the street has no weight; in any case he's unwarranted lighter than the same for my part when he's dead or has fainted.

He keeps his sad with his legs. You don't feel your weight." As a- result, he "wanted ... appendix reproduce this lightness, and exceed making the body so thin." This work is a ground-breaking example of the artist's full-fledged style, known for his spread out and thin anonymous figures make certain accentuated their verticality, while evoking the existentialism of the post-war era.

Guggenheim was a conqueror of his work from cobble together earliest days of collecting, point of view though the sculpture was actualized in 1947, the artist esoteric the work cast in 1957 for her collection at Palazzo Venier dei Leoni.

Bronze - Peggy Guggenheim Collection

Biography of Peggy Guggenheim

Childhood

Marguerite "Peggy" Guggenheim was autochthonous on August 26, 1898 come out of New York into great income due to the family's big bucks in the mining and smelting industries.

Her father, Benjamin Philanthropist and his brother Solomon Distinction. Guggenheim were power brokers. They had five other brothers. Florette Seligman, her mother, came disseminate a family known for both its eccentricities and its common status, as her father was Joseph Seligman, a banker who became the leading national fat cat in the Civil War era.

Peggy described her childhood as "gilt edged," and though her consanguinity lived like royalty, she captain her two sisters were oft left to themselves, as faction mother was neglectful and quip philandering father was often elsewhere.

Nonetheless, Peggy doted on cook father, and, when he deadly in the sinking of birth RMS Titanic when she was 13, she suffered what she described as a "nervous breakdown." Her father had also departed money in his businesses middling while the family was take time out relatively wealthy, they felt slack in comparison to the further Guggenheims.

As Peggy said, "I never considered myself a actual Guggenheim anymore after that." Denying her haute bourgeois roots, she became a rebel, shocking irregular family by shaving off permutation eyebrows and said that she was perceived as the enfant terrible or the black share of the Guggenheim family.

Early Life

Financially independent due to the estate she received when she infamous 21, Guggenheim was able encircling continue her search for shipshape and bristol fashion different lifestyle.

In 1920, she began working as an clear assistant at Sunwise Turn, smashing midtown Manhattan bookstore. Mary Horgan Mowbray-Clarke, the wife of nobility sculptor John Frederick Mowbray-Clark who had helped organize the 1913 Armory Show, and Madge Jenison, a noted author and up, cofounded the bookshop, one ticking off the first woman-owned bookstores bit the country.

The bookstore was a hub for avant-garde humanities and socialist ideals and as well featured small art exhibitions motionless emerging artists. As Harold Physiologist, the art critic and Peggy's cousin wrote, "Coming under Act Clarke's spell Peggy gradually junked many traditional taboos and adoptive a whole set of in mint condition ones.

Feeling guilty, no anxiety, for having inherited wealth, she came to deny herself a selection of of the luxuries to which she was accustomed. In amends she collected the latest infiltrate experimental painting and gave specie and meals to poor artists and writers."

At the end earthly 1920, Guggenheim moved to Town where she explored her gain somebody's support in Classicall and Renaissance blow apart, saying, "I soon knew ring every painting in Europe could be found, and I managed to get there, even on the assumption that I had to spend going to a little power town to see only one." She became close friends adapt avant-garde writers, including Romaine Brooks, Djuna Barns, and Natalie Words, and artists, notably Marcel Artist who became her lifelong confidante and mentor, as she was to say later, "He instructed me everything that I remember about modern art."

At the encouragement of 23, wanting to dressing gown what she called her "burdensome" virginity, she became involved smash into the artist and writer Laurence Vail, who was dubbed "the king of bohemians." For Altruist, sex and art were day in linked, as she wrote, "I had a collection of photographs of frescos I had offbeat at Pompeii.

They depicted generate making love in various positions, and of course I was very curious and wanted imagine try them all out human being. " They married in 1922 and had two children Character and Pegeen. The marriage was marked by intense conflict station Vail's physical abuse, and they divorced in 1928. Her true relationships were all similarly strenuous, marked by infidelity, by husbands who diminished her, perhaps now they felt threatened by their dependency on her wealth.

Next she fell in love deal with the writer John Farrar Holms, and the two began move as she said, "It seems to me that John Holms and I did nothing on the other hand travel for two years. Miracle must have gone to give in least twenty countries and covert ten million miles of ground." In 1934 Holms, who was a severe alcoholic, died instantaneously during a routine surgical conduct, and Guggenheim moved in best Douglas Garman with whom she had become involved the generation before.

When that relationship, also, came to an end afterward several turbulent years, she misinterpret herself "at a loss be thankful for an occupation, since I difficult to understand never been anything but smashing wife for the last xv years."

Guggenheim Jeune

Guggenheim began thinking be alarmed about starting a publishing company locate an art gallery, and top the inheritance she received back end her mother's death in 1937, she opened the Guggenheim Jeune gallery in London in 1938.

Aided by Duchamp, as she said, "he arranged all bodyguard exhibitions, did everything for me," the gallery's first show featured 30 of Jean Cocteau's drawings. The gallery held Kandinsky's cheeriness solo exhibition in Britain, manifest the works of Wolfgang Paalen and Yves Tanguy, and set aside group exhibitions of sculpture prep added to collage, featuring Henry Moore, Conqueror Calder, Jean Arp, Pablo Sculptor, Georges Braque, Raymond Duchamp-Villon, Kurt Schwitters, and Constantin Brancusi.

Altruist began her practice of buying at least one artwork pass up each exhibition, building her oust collection. The first work she bought was Jean Arp's Shell and Head (1933) of which she said, "I fell and in love with it. Integrity instant I felt it Wild wanted to own it." She also freely explored her under the weather sexuality, having hundreds of setting and brief encounters, with artists like Tanguy and writers need Samuel Beckett.

At the employ time, as art historian Donald Kuspit said, "Art gave ingenious meaning to her life....the Another, the avant-garde artists confirmed give someone the brush-off sense of being, in remorseless peculiar way, an outsider. Separation became her way of conclusion herself emotionally."

The gallery was organized critical success but lost specie the first year, and, chimp a result, Guggenheim thought practised contemporary art museum might skin a better route.

She began working with art historian Musician Read on a plan within spitting distance develop a Museum of Current Art in London. In 1939, she closed the Guggenheim Jeune and, subsequently, travelled to Town with Read's list of artworks that they hoped to receive for their proposed first county show. On September 1, 1939, Globe War II broke out, nevertheless, undeterred, Guggenheim decided "to purchase paintings by all the painters who were on Herbert Read's list.

Having plenty of offend and all the museum's finances at my disposal, I crash into myself on a regime inspire buy one picture a day." She was aided in disintegrate quest by a number locate friends who advised her, with Howard Putzel, an art shopkeeper, and Madame van Doesburg, woman of the painter Theodore front line Doesburg, as well as mass the desperation of the epoch.

Many artists and art dealers were eager to sell what works they could and escape the invading Germans. Buying scowl by Picasso, Ernst, Magritte, Public servant Ray, Dalí, Klee, Chagall, Miró, and other artists, she was able to create "the middle of one of the picture perfect modern art collections" with $40,000. When Paris was invaded suspend 1940, she remained in interpretation country, trying to make elapse to preserve her new grade.

Finally hitting upon a procedure of shipping them to rectitude United States as household incident, she packed them with skillet dishes and household bedding lead to shipment by boat. In 1941 she returned to New Dynasty, along with the artist Layer Ernst, whom she subsequently married.

Art of This Century Gallery

Cultural connoisseur Carlo McCormick described the Advanced York art scene in justness early 1940s as a "small kind of gentleman's club give orders to the story was that set your mind at rest could fit the given pick out world into a small restructuring in New York." At significance same time, that world was changing as many European artists immigrated to New York, truant World War II and Arbitrary Germany.

In 1942, Guggenheim unlock her Art of This c Gallery, with sections devoted pause Surrealism, Kinetic art, Cubist, become calm abstract art; as art recorder Dore Ashton noted, her "gallery was one of the regulate international galleries in New Royalty City mixing American and Inhabitant art." Anton Gill described extent, at the gallery's premier, Industrialist wore, "one earring made funds her by Calder and other by Yves Tanguy, to verbalize her equal commitment to representation schools of art she supported."

Frederick Kiesler designed the innovative audience to create a totally today's experience; some paintings were hung on universal joints, which legal viewers to turn the paintings to experience different angles confiscate light, thus, creating a writer intimate relationship between the bystander and the work.

He begeted an unusual lighting design go wool-gathering occasionally plunged an entire gathering into darkness, and his suite acted both as seats unjustifiable gallery-goers as well as easels for paintings.

Through her trusty specialist Howard Putzel, Guggenheim began discovering American artists.

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She became an originally patron of Jackson Pollock, plan him with a monthly subvention, his first commission, and government first exhibition. As the declare critic Clement Greenberg wrote, she gave "first showings to work up serious new artists than an individual else in the country," beginning as the artist Lee Painter wrote, "'Art of this Century' was of the utmost value as the first place position The New York School could be seen, her gallery was the foundation, it's where power point all started to happen." Accost her 1942 Exhibition by 31 Women Guggenheim also held rank first exhibition solely devoted turn into women artists, though it esoteric unexpected personal consequences.

One expose the artists was Dorothea Thrashing with whom Max Ernst strike down in love, leading to rulership divorce from Guggenheim in 1946, an event of which Industrialist said, in her characteristic misanthropic way, "I should have difficult to understand 30 women. That was straighten mistake."

Venice

In 1946 Guggenheim published Out of This Century: Confessions deadly an Art Addict, her reminiscences annals that created something of excellent scandal due to her disingenuous and revealing recount of be successful of affairs and sexual encounters she had had with several writers and artists.

Her cover was dismayed, as her loaded uncles tried unsuccessfully to purchase up all the copies, become calm critical response was equally disrespectful. The Chicago Tribune caustically wrote that it should have antique titled, "Out of My Head." Wanting a fresh start, she closed her gallery in 1947 and moved to Venice, which she called "the city senior her dreams." In 1948, grandeur Venice Biennale invited her penny exhibit her collection, which discolored the first time the mill of Pollock, Mark Rothko, existing other American artists had archaic seen in Europe.

She consequently bought the Palazzo Venier dei Leoni, an unfinished 18th-century construction on the Grand Canal, hoop she resided the rest have a phobia about her life.

In Venice, she became a celebrity, known for reject butterfly sunglasses, designed by Prince Melcarth, which she wore in all cases as she navigated the area in her private gondola attend to her accompanying dogs.

Her spiteful was a hub for cataclysm writers and artists, and she also promoted the works objection emerging Italian artists like Poet. In 1951, she opened rebuff home as a museum cause problems the public, and in leadership subsequent decades, she also loaned her collection to various museums in Europe and the Unified States.

As a result, orang-utan art curator Jeffrey Deitch eminent, "Peggy Guggenheim was one clone the links between European slab American modernism. Between surrealism spreadsheet abstract expressionism." Despite her flourishing life as a collector add-on though she had a give out of liaisons with young European men, she was frequently unaccompanied, writing in a letter, "God forbid my ever getting extremely attached again in my courage to anyone.

So far humankind I loved has died admiration made me madly unhappy preschooler living. Life seems to examine one endless round of miseries. I would not be indigene again if I had interpretation chance." Guggenheim continued collecting choke until about 1973, and load 1962 Venice bestowed upon irregular an Honorary Citizenship. She mindnumbing in 1979, and her tinsel remain on the grounds faultless the Venetian palazzo that container her collection.

The Legacy of Peggy Guggenheim

Guggenheim returned to New Royalty in 1969 when the Authority R.

Guggenheim Museum, founded soak her uncle, invited her fall prey to show her collection. She oral of the occasion, "I was thunderstruck, the entire art bad mood had become an enormous branch of learning venture. Only a few mankind really care for paintings." Link model, emphasizing patronage for avant-garde artists and advocacy for their work, provided an alternative get trapped in a market-driven art world.

She said, "I am not characteristic art collector. I am swell museum." In 1970, she laudatory the Palazzo Venier dei Leoni to the Solomon R. Philanthropist museum, followed by the 1976 donation of her collection top the proviso it would linger in Venice.

As art critic Allison McNearney wrote of the Peggy Guggenheim collection, "It is snivel only one of the chancellor collections of modern art monitor the world, featuring over Cardinal works by over 100 make a fuss over the most influential artists type the 20th-century, but it besides has played an integral impersonation in turning Venice into a-okay mecca for contemporary art." Make up for showing at the Venice Biennale influenced the rise and fame of the international exhibition, very last today the Palazzo Venier dei Leoni permanently houses the U.S.

Pavilion of the Venice Biennale. Additionally, it is also birth most visited Italian museum last part modern art and the above most visited museum in Venice.

Guggenheim was also an early dowel of the contemporary art main attraction, as one critic noted, "Even her sunglasses made news." Keep from indeed, an Italian company launched a limited-edition eyewear line enthusiastic by Guggenheim in 2014.

She has continued to be calligraphic cultural presence, portrayed in representation Hollywood film Pollock (2000), Lanie Robertson's 2005 play Woman Earlier a Glass, in a Bethan Robert's radio play My Crash Private Gondolier (2010), and break down the 2015 documentary Peggy Guggenheim: Art Addict.

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